BSC/ADS PART 1
Definition of Plasma Membrane
The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, is a selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, separating its contents from the external environment.
Ultra Microscopic Structure and Function of Plasma Membrane
The ultra-microscopic structure of the plasma membrane is composed of a double layer of lipids. The main components of the lipid by layer are phospholipids, which have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads. Cholesterol molecules are also present in the lipid layer, helping to stabilize it.
Proteins are also a major component of the plasma membrane and are involved in various functions. The plasma membrane and its involved functions can be described in the following headings.
Selective Permeability
The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, allowing the regulation of what enters and exits the cell. It facilitates communication between the cell and its environment through the use of receptors.
Transport proteins facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane through active and passive transport. Enzymes embedded in the plasma membrane catalyze various chemical reactions.
Blood Group AB
The ABO blood group system is an important classification of blood-based on the presence and absence of certain antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The ABO blood group system refers to the non-random association of alleles at different gene loci in a population.
The blood transfusion disease is associated with certain diseases such as pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, and peptic ulcers. Evolution studies suggest that the ABO blood group system has been associated with certain genetic advantages in the population.
Linkage and Crossing Over
In genetics, linkage refers to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Linkage mapping is the process of non-random association of alleles and promoting the mixing of genetic information from different chromosomes.
It increases genetic diversity by creating a recombination of alleles and promoting the mixing of genetic information from different genes.
Genetic Diversity
Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating recombination of alleles and promoting the mixing of genetic information from different chromosomes. It can affect linkage by breaking down the association of alleles at the same chromosomal loci.
Genetic diversity can be increased by creating recombination of alleles and promoting the mixing of genetic information from different genes.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the plasma membrane is a vital component of the cell that performs several functions, including selective permeability, communication, transport, enzymatic activity, and identification. DNA cloning is the process of creating genetic copies of an organism's DNA and has applications in medical research and treatment, as well as agriculture and biotechnology.